This document is a set of lecture notes or study material for an education course (EDUC 2) covering the history, principles, and practices of special and inclusive education. It is intended for teacher trainees, education students, or professionals working with learners with disabilities. The first section traces the historical evolution from the Exclusion Era (before 1900s-mid 1900s) through…
This document is a set of lecture notes or study material for an education course (EDUC 2) covering the history, principles, and practices of special and inclusive education. It is intended for teacher trainees, education students, or professionals working with learners with disabilities.
The first section traces the historical evolution from the Exclusion Era (before 1900s-mid 1900s) through the emergence of special education, the shift toward rights and equality in the 1960s, and the U.S. pre-IDEA situation. It covers the 1975 EAHCA law (later IDEA), the 1994 Salamanca Statement, and key Philippine legislation such as RA 11650.
The document defines special education (SPED) and inclusive education, explaining concepts like accommodation versus modification. It distinguishes between exclusion, segregation, integration, mainstreaming, and inclusion, providing concrete examples for each.
A section on terminology covers principles of inclusive education: diversity, equality, equity, inclusion, belonging, and accessibility. It also explains disability-related terms such as impairment, disability, handicap, functional limitation, person-first versus identity-first language.
The document details educational placement and service delivery models: inclusion, mainstreaming, segregation, exclusion, pull-out programs, resource rooms, and self-contained classrooms. Each is defined with examples and memory aids.
Finally, it lists professionals in special and inclusive education: SPED teacher, shadow teacher, developmental pediatrician, occupational therapist, speech-language pathologist, physical therapist, and psychologist, describing their roles and areas of expertise.