Faculty of Architecture Program of Architecture Illumination & Ventilation – ARC238 Tutorial assignments Presented to: Presented by: Assoc. Prof. Medhat Samra Arch. Islam Ashraf Jassy Peter ID:223102006
Contents 01 Assignement 1.............................Page 3-4 Assignement 2.............................Page 5-6 Assignement 3.............................Page 7-8 Assignement 4.............................Page 9-10 Assignement 5.............................Page11-16 Site Visit Report...........................Page 21-33 02 03 04 05 07 06 Quizes ............................................Page17-20
Assignment Description .... Analyze the impact of central voids on a villa ground floor by comparing two design alternatives: one featuring an internal courtyard and one utilizing a traditional solid floor plate. Evaluate how these configurations influence natural ventilation, airflow distribution, and indoor thermal comfort. By using Autodesk CFD software, we analyze airflow patterns, pressure differences, and ventilation efficiency within both design scenarios. The simulation allows us to visualize how air enters, circulates, and exits the spaces, highlighting the effect of the central courtyard in enhancing cross-ventilation compared to the solid floor plate configuration. Assignment 1:By using Autodesk CFD software
A1:Solution 1 without courtyard Comments:Solution 2 with courtyardSolution 2 (with courtyard) is the best choice because the central void acts as a pressure sink that actively pulls external airflow into the building's core.
Assignment Description .... Study the impact of opening locations on the internal space by selecting one room and creating three different alternatives for window placement. Analyze how each alternative affects ventilation and spatial quality using plans and sections. By using Autodesk CFD software, we analyze airflow patterns, air velocity, and pressure distribution within each window configuration. The simulation helps visualize how different opening positions influence natural ventilation performance, indoor air movement, and overall environmental comfort, supporting a clearer comparison between the three alternatives. Assignment 2: By using Autodesk CFD software
Solution 1Solution 2Comments:Solution 3 A2:Solution 1 is the best option because it demonstrates the most uniform airflow distribution and effective coverage across the target area, suggesting superior ventilation and thermal management compared to the more localized flow patterns in Solutions 2 and 3.
Assignment 3:By using Autodesk CFD software Assignment Description .... Analyze the impact of building distribution on a compact 1,500 m² site by proposing three distinct layout alternatives for 5 residential buildings. Evaluate how each configuration influences natural ventilation, airflow paths, and overall environmental performance at both building and site scale. By using Autodesk CFD software, we analyze wind flow behavior, pressure distribution, and ventilation efficiency across the three site layout scenarios. The simulation helps visualize how different building arrangements affect wind penetration, channeling, and stagnation zones, allowing a comparative assessment of how spatial organization enhances or restricts natural ventilation within the residential cluster.
Solution 1Solution 2Comments:Solution 3 A3:Solution 2 is the best option because it demonstrates the most uniform airflow distribution and effective coverage across the 5 buildings , suggesting superior ventilation and thermal management compared to other solutions
Assignment Description .... Analyze natural daylight performance within the interior of a residential space and develop appropriate shading solutions to achieve optimal visual comfort conditions, ensuring that target lux levels are maintained while preventing glare. Three shading design proposals are developed and tested within the model, incorporating different strategies such as external shading devices, louvers, blinds, and façade modifications. A comparative analysis is then conducted to select the best-performing solution. By using Autodesk Revit software, we simulate and evaluate daylight distribution under different conditions to assess areas of over-illumination, under-illumination, and potential visual discomfort. Assignment 4: By using Revit
Comments: A4:The horizontal shading device successfully mitigates over-illumination by diffusing direct solar radiation, resulting in a more uniform and visually comfortable daylight distribution within the residential interior.
Assignment Description .... Analyze artificial lighting performance and light distribution within an office plan (DWG format) to achieve optimal visual comfort conditions. The study focuses on evaluating how artificial lighting design affects illumination levels across the workspace, with a target illuminance (lux level) defined for different functional areas. By using DIALux lighting simulation software, we analyze light distribution, lux levels, uniformity ratios, glare potential, and shadow behavior within the office environment. The simulation allows us to test and compare lighting layouts, fixture types, and placement strategies to ensure that the target lux levels are achieved consistently across workstations, circulation zones, and shared areas. This process supports the development of an efficient artificial lighting design that enhances visual comfort, productivity, and compliance with lighting standards. Assignment 5:By using DIALux lighting simulation software
Comments: A5:The first plan represents the initial lighting layout, where the artificial lighting was applied according to the basic functional arrangement of the spaces without detailed adjustment of distribution. This stage shows the original design intent for fixture placement across the plan. The second plan shows the improved stage after redistributing the light, where the lighting was refined to achieve better uniformity, balanced lux levels, and improved visual comfort throughout the space.
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A5: Comments:The DIALux report confirms the lighting design successfully achieves the required illuminance targets across all zones and meets uniformity standards to ensure visual comfort, utilizing a strategic layout of efficient LED fixtures.
Quiz Description .... I was asked to design a visitor center for an eco-lodge located in a hot, arid climate near a culturally significant heritage site. My task is to create a single architectural element called a “Symbiotic Aperture,” which combines natural lighting and passive ventilation in one integrated system. In my design, I must use local materials such as stone, earth, or timber, while also incorporating a smart or adaptive feature like movable louvers or kinetic elements. The system should respond to environmental changes, including the movement of the sun and shifting wind patterns throughout the day. The aperture needs to allow soft, diffused daylight to enter the exhibition hall without causing glare or increasing heat gain. At the same time, it should channel airflow to provide natural cooling and effective ventilation. I am required to produce a sectional diagram showing the paths of light and air, along with a short explanation describing how the system works, the materials used, and how it adapts between hot daytime conditions and cooler evening breezes.Quiz 1:By using Ai
Q1: The "Symbiotic Aperture" operates as a dynamic, climate- responsive envelope tailored for the harsh desert environment. The system integrates a multi-layered facade beginning with an outer parametric screen crafted from local stone, which structurally anchors the envelope while providing primary passive shading. Behind this, an adaptive kinetic layer of tilting modules intelligently responds to solar trajectories. During peak daytime heat, these modules restrict direct radiation, filtering high-angle sunlight to cast soft, diffused daylight across the high-inertia rammed earth walls and thermal mass floors without unwanted heat gain. As evening approaches and temperatures drop, the kinetic system adapts to harness the prevailing Red Sea breeze. The modules open, allowing cool air to be drawn through lower adjustable vents into the passive ventilation cavity. This cool air circulates deeply into the interior, absorbing heat before naturally exhausting as hot air through the integrated roof light scoop and stack ventilation outlet, driving an energy-free, continuous regenerative cooling cycle.
Quiz Description .... I was asked to explore modern architectural techniques for designing an underground shelter that is well insulated while still achieving natural lighting and ventilation. The challenge focuses on how to introduce daylight into a below-ground space without increasing heat gain, and how to ensure effective air circulation in an enclosed environment. In this task, I investigate advanced solutions such as light wells, solar tubes, and fiber-optic daylighting systems to bring natural light deep into the shelter. I also consider passive and hybrid ventilation strategies, including wind catchers, earth-air tunnels, and stack ventilation, supported by smart systems like automated vents and sensors to regulate airflow. The design aims to create a comfortable and energy-efficient underground environment by combining traditional passive principles with modern technology. The final outcome requires a clear explanation of how these systems work together, ensuring adequate illumination, thermal comfort, and healthy indoor air quality within the insulated shelter. Quiz 2 :By using Ai
Q2:Active Daylighting Tracking System: Using heliostats on the surface to track the sun's movement throughout the day, it accurately reflects its rays into optical channels (optical fibers or reflective tubes) to reach the depths of the shelter without significant loss of light intensity.A ground-coupled air intake acts as a heat exchanger to pre-cool fresh air before it enters the shelter. The passive ventilation strategy allows cool air to enter through adjustable lower openings.
Lighting Evaluation – School Site VisitARC238 Illumination & Ventilation 3rd Level / 6th Semester Spring 2025/2026 Student Name &ID: Jassy Peter223102006 Katrin Ayman223102000 Nourhan Rabiee223102005 Date of Visit: 1/3/2026 Project Name: St.Jospeh School
ContentsContentsContents1. Planning & Scope 2. Natural Light Data 3. Artificial Lighting Data 4. Analysis & Benchmarking5. Recommendations & Solutions 6. Writing the Report 7.Assessment Process Timeline 8.Projected Energy Impact
1. Planning & Scope The scope of this report is to evaluate the quantity and quality of both natural and artificial lighting within various educational spaces at St. Joseph School in Sharm El-Sheikh. The assessment aims to determine if the current illumination levels are suitable for students' visual comfort, academic tasks, and overall well-being Research Methodology: A field survey was conducted during school hours. Spot measurements were taken at the working plane (student desk height) using a smartphone-based Lux light meter application. Measurements were recorded at various zones within each space (e.g., near windows, middle of the room, near doors/interior walls) to assess light distribution and uniformity. Both natural daylighting (طبيعي) and artificial lighting (صناعي) scenarios were documented. Space Selection: To ensure a comprehensive evaluation, different types of educational spaces were selected across multiple orientations and floor levels. The selected spaces include four standard Classrooms (including East-facing and upper-floor rooms), a Computer Lab, and the Library.
2. Standards According to standard illumination guidelines for educational facilities (such as IESNA and EN 12464-1): General Classrooms: 300 to 500 Lux at the desk level. Computer Labs: 300 to 500 Lux, with strict requirements for glare control to prevent screen reflections. Libraries: 300 to 500 Lux at reading desks, with adequate vertical illumination (at least 200 Lux) for book stacks. Uniformity: The distribution of light should be uniform across the room to prevent eye strain caused by adjusting to drastically different light levels. 2004 كود االنارة المصرى
CLASSROOM 1CLASSROOM 1CLASSROOM 1 Measurements (Recorded via Phone Lux Application)
CLASSROOM 2CLASSROOM 2CLASSROOM 2 Measurements (Recorded via Phone Lux Application)
CLASSROOM 3CLASSROOM 3CLASSROOM 3 Measurements (Recorded via Phone Lux Application)
CLASSROOM 4CLASSROOM 4CLASSROOM 4 Measurements (Recorded via Phone Lux Application)
COMPUTER LABCOMPUTER LABCOMPUTER LAB Measurements (Recorded via Phone Lux Application)
LIBRARYLIBRARYLIBRARY Measurements (Recorded via Phone Lux Application)
4. Analysis & Benchmarking4. Analysis & Benchmarking4. Analysis & Benchmarking General Classrooms (1, 2, 3, & 4): The recorded measurements indicate severe over-illumination. Values exceeding 4000 Lux on a working plane cause significant visual discomfort, glare, and thermal heat gain if caused by direct sunlight. Classroom 2 shows relatively uniform lighting (4019 - 4226 Lux), but at an intensity that is roughly 10 times higher than recommended standards. Classroom 4 shows massive natural light influx (~5900 Lux), which suggests a lack of proper shading on the windows. Computer Lab: The lighting levels here (3456 to 5406 Lux) are highly problematic for a screen-based environment. High ambient light washes out computer screens, reducing contrast and forcing students to lean in or squint, which completely contradicts the required standards for computer-based tasks. Library: The physical layout (as sketched) indicates a mix of reading areas and bookshelves. The visual documentation shows standard ceiling-mounted fluorescent fixtures. Without specific Lux readings, the primary concern in this space is ensuring uniform light distribution so that reading desks have sufficient task lighting while avoiding deep shadows between the bookshelves.
Recommendations and SolutionsRecommendations and SolutionsRecommendations and Solutions Daylight Control: Install adjustable shading devices (internal venetian blinds, roller shades, or external louvers) to diffuse direct sunlight and bring natural levels down to the 300-500 lux range. Artificial De-Lamping: Current artificial fixtures producing >4000 lux are vastly overpowered. Physically remove tubes, install diffusers, or retrofit with dimmable LED drivers. Lab Reorientation: Orient all computer monitors perpendicular to windows. Keep window shades drawn during sessions and utilize only controlled, low- glare task lighting. Smart Integration: Implement daylight harvesting sensors to automatically dim artificial lighting based on natural Sinai sunlight availability.
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