Longford BogLAndS WILDLIFE WORKBOOK Produced by Longford CoUnTY CoUnCIL Heritage & BIODIVeRSitY OFFiCERS in partnership with rUSTYLemon deSIgn + BIodIVerSITY In SCHooLS
design Mary Fleming is a Longford artist and graphic designer trading under the name rustylemon design. She works regularly with Longford County Council across Tourism, Heritage and Arts. Over 20 years Mary has built a healthy knowledge of Longford flora and fauna through her watercolour and digital wildlife illustrations in the hope that they help protect and promote the local environment. deSIgn + ILLUSTrATIon SOUrCES—NATIONAL PARKS AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (NPWS) • IrISh PEATLANd CONSERvATioN CouNCIL (IPCC) IrISh WiLdLIfe TruST • LIVING BOGS • NATIONAL BIOdIveRsity dATA CENTre • BIRd WATCH iRELANd • vINCeNT wiLdLIfe TRuST tREe COUNCIL Of IReLANd • WoodLANd TrUST, UK • SPhAGNUM MOSs SPECIES: fIeLD STuDIeS COUNCIL, uK When people think of amazing habitats and stunning species, they often associate these with documentaries they have seen and think that amazing wildlife interactions and terrific feats of evolution are confined to other parts of the world. People picture the Amazon rainforest, Great Barrier reef, and many other places around the world. In reality, when people look closer to home, they will realise that these fantastic evolutionary successes, dynamic ecosystems, and predator-prey interactions all occur where they themselves can witness them. Longford is home to rich and diverse ecosystems including lakes, rivers, bogs, natural woodlands, farmland, hedgerows, and grasslands. These in turn are home to amazing species such as insect-eating flowers and the fastest moving plants on the planet, to highlight just a few of the fantastic feats of evolution we can witness on our doorsteps. this series of workbooks will take a closer look at some of the habitat types present in County Longford and the array of interesting species that they support as they continue to change and adapt to their environments. So, let’s take a trip through Longford and enjoy the natural heritage of the county! LONGFOrD COUNtY COUNCiL Heritage & BIODIVeRSitY OFFiCERS PrefACe ConTenTS LONGFOrD BOGLANDS ............................................................................................................................................1 eXPLORE + INVESTIGAtE ...................................................................................................................................2–3 Corlea Bog Amenity walk + Visitor Centre Search + See FrOM THE ICe AgE.....................................................................................................................................................4 How Raised Bogs were formed Peat Preserves WHAt iS SPHaGNUM MOSS? .............................................................................................................................5 A Mighty Moss Carbon Controller: Better than a forest! HArD-WOrKING HeROES ..................................................................................................................................... 6 PeriLOUS PLANTS .......................................................................................................................................................7 BOG tREES + SHrUBS ..........................................................................................................................................8–9 BOG BiRDS ...............................................................................................................................................................10–11 BOG MAMMaLS ..........................................................................................................................................................12 LIZARD MaZe / LOUNGiNG LIZArDS ...........................................................................................................13 POND LiFE .......................................................................................................................................................................14 Powerful Mini dragons Amphibians THe CiRCLE OF LiFE .................................................................................................................................................15 Dragonfly Lifecycle frog Lifecycle BOG BUgS.................................................................................................................................................................16–17 SPOt THE DIFFeRENCE......................................................................................................................................... 18 CrOSSWORD ................................................................................................................................................................. 19 HOME IS WHeRE THE HABiTat IS ................................................................................................................ 20 JOiN tHE DOtS / SHaDOW SHAPES .............................................................................................................21 WOrDSEarCH.........................
1 SOUrCES: National Parks & Wildlife services Irish Peatland Conservation Council Wetlands are a very important part of Longford’s landscape. They include rivers, lakes, turloughs, fens, and peatlands or bogs. They are important hotspots for nature and are home to a wide range of interesting species. the River shannon and the lakes Lough Ree and Lough Forbes, in the east of the county, provide a home for many fish species such as pike, eel, trout, roach and perch, and birds such as mute and whooper swans, lapwing, oystercatchers and even white-tailed sea eagles. in this book we will explore our boglands in particular. The bogs of Longford are home to fascinating wildlife. Our largest spider species, the raft spider, is found in Longford’s bogs and fens. As the soil is nutrient poor in bogs, plants need to be extra clever to gather nutrients and they have evolved to capture insects. These include the carnivorous bladderwort, the sundew and the invasive pitcher plant – more on these killer plants later! ireland’s only reptile, the common lizard, also makes its home in Longford’s bogs and can be found warming itself on rocks and warm surfaces on sunny summer days or basking on the warm walkway at Corlea. Longford has 3,919 hectares of raised bogs left in good condition. This might sound like a lot but when compared to the 20,527 hectares of original bog, it shows that there has been a lot of damage done to these wonderful habitats. That’s a loss of just over 80%. Longford’s fens have seen similar decreases from 1,232 hectares originally, down to 698 hectares in good condition today. However, as industrial-scale harvesting of peat has stopped in recent years, there is a move towards conservation and restoration of our bogs and fens with rewetting projects taking place within the county. Special Areas of Conservation (sAC) are wildlife sites that are important on a european and national level. Longford County has 8 of these sites, with all 8 being wetlands. this shows the importance of wetlands in the county. Of these 8 sites, 5 of them are bogs, again showing the importance of our boglands to the wildlife of Longford. Special Protection Areas (SPAs) are sites that are for the protection of listed rare and vulnerable species, regularly occurring migratory species, and wetlands especially those of international importance. Longford County has 4 of these sites, 3 of which are lakes and one of which is a bog. This highlights the importance of wetlands in Longford to both our native and migratory bird species. I hope you enjoy learning about Longford’s boglands in this book and get the opportunity to explore one soon. LANd/SOIL CoNCeNTRAtIoN of RAisED BoG LoW-LYiNG BLANKeT BOG MoUNTAIN BLANKeT BOG SPA: SPECIAL PRoTeCTioN ArEA SAC: SPECIAL AreA of CoNserVATIoN SPA & SAC CRosSoVER Co. LONGfoRD dISTrIBUTIon of BogLAndS ACroSS IreLAnd SPAs + SACs ACroSS CoUnTY Longford 2025 Longford BogLAndS INTERESTINg! Look out for our interesting facts that make raised boglands a truly unique environment.
2 3 CorLeA Bog AmenITY WALK + VISITor CenTre • The best time to find most of these species is in spring and summer when plants are in flower and insects are on the hunt. if you find the devil’s bit scabious plant, you should find the marsh fritillary. • Look for curlew and snipe by pools of water and raptors such as buzzards, hen harriers and kestrels near the trees at the edge of the bog or flying over open bog hunting. The lapwing is a winter visitor to our wetlands. • Keep and eye out for lizards on the walkways in summer as they like to sun themselves. • Low on the ground you will find the tiny bog heroes such as Sphagnum mosses and the round-leaved sundew. If you want to get out and explore Longford’s wetlands, Corlea is a great place to start. The visitor centre houses a section of a 2000-year-old wooden bog roadway, the largest of its kind found in europe (more on that later). Beside the visitor centre there are looped walkways, perfect for exploring wetland flora and fauna. Hints + Tips eXPLore + InVeSTIgATe SeArCH + See... 500m Red Loop: 4.6km, 51mins Blue Loop: 2.5km, 26mins Canal Branch: 1km, 10mins Small Branch: 0.5km, 6mins BUzzArd DRAGoNfLy ComMoN hAwKER DAmseLfy ComMoN BLuE LAPwING BoGBeAN HEAThEr SPhAGNUM MoSs roUNd-LEAVed SUNdeW ComMoN SPoTted ORChId DEVIL’S BiT SCABIOUS BoG CotTON yeLLOw IrIS PoPPY SNIPe SHrEW LIzARD fRoG CURLeW rAfT SPIdEr BIRCH TREe GoRse orANGE tIP BUTTerfLy MARsH fRITILLARy rUSh BLACK BoGruSh or SoFt RusH KESTreLHEN hArRiERS Male female N39 XT18COrLEa BOG OFFiCIAL SEaRCH STAMP
4 5 Carbon cycle via higher plants (not mosses) Carbon cycle via sphagnum moss Sphagnum moss decays very slowly, so carbon is retained for thousands of years in the peat CArBon CYCLe In A HeALTHY Bog WATeR tABLe ACTIve LAYER LoWeR SToRAGE LAYER WHAT IS... SPHAgnUm moSS? A MiGHTY MOSS Sphagnum moss (or bog moss) is the backbone of any healthy bog. A bog couldn’t exist without it. The entire surface of a bog is covered in this special moss. Any other plants simply grow upon it. Amazingly, this moss can hold water, lots of water – over 20 times its own weight – a super, mega-sponge! There are many varieties of Sphagnum moss, all wonderful colours from deep purplish red to bright green and gold. There are two different types of bog in Ireland – blanket bog and raised bog. Longford is home to raised bogs. They formed at the end of the ice age, 10,000 years ago. Bogs are formed by layers and layers of plants growing and dying on top of one another. year after year the layers build up. Since the water is acidic, no organisms can decompose the old plant material. Therefore it builds up and bogs grow. HoW RAiSEd BoGS wErE foRMEd from THe ICe Age... PeAT PRESeRVES Plants grow, plants die, plants decompose, more plants grow – the circle of life! Not in a bog though! Low temperatures combined with no oxygen and acidic water means this doesn’t happen. due to this, we have discovered amazing items preserved in bogs for thousands of years, from butter in wooden pots, to ancient wooden roads (like the one in Corlea) and... would you believe it?... BODiES! IreLAnd’S moST fAmoUS roAd Here In Longford! Did you know that Longford is home to the Corlea trackway. This is the largest of this type of road found in the whole of europe. It is a road made from oak by our ancestors in 148 BC… over 2,000 years ago! CArBon ConTroLLer Better than a forest! When we think of stopping climate change we often think of planting trees. However, bogs are way better. In fact, bogs store twice as much carbon as all the world’s forests combined. Therefore, healthy bogs are our secret weapon to halting climate change and locking away carbon. ADAPtED FROM A DRaWING BY rICHArD LiNDSay fRoM fIELd STUdIES CoUNCiL, Uk. iSBN: 9781851532766 roCk/SOIL rEed PEAt LAKe dEPoSITS fEN PeAt WATeR BoG PeAt Due to its amazing absorption abilities, this bog moss was used by our ancestors as a form of treatment (see page 6). 148 BC 2000-YeAr-oLd TrACKWAY (“TOGHER” IN GAELIC)
6 7 HArd-WorKIng HeroeS PerILoUS PLAnTS Due to its amazing absorption abilities, years ago this moss was used as a poultice to draw infection out of wounds. Vital for the larvae stage of the marsh fritillary butterfly, traditionally it was also used as a dye, a tea and a medicine. This shrub is well known for its insect- repelling skills. Our ancestors used it on their clothes, skin and their bedding to keep insects such as midges and fleas away. Even today it is still used in natural insect repellent sprays. A natural filter with strong roots, this plant plays an important role in water purification and helps prevent erosion. This beautiful little flower is a big hit with pollinators but our ancestors also used it to make brushes. they let it dry out and attached it to a stick – a bit like a witch’s broom. These beautiful grasses can be seen bobbing their fluffy heads on the bog in summer and autumn. The cloud-like tops are the seedheads and our ancestors harvested these for stuffing pillows. Nice and cosy! These wet-loving, super fast-growing trees were important to our ancestors and used to make a variety of everyday items such as baskets, and also for pain relief as the bark contains a chemical similar to aspirin. This yellow flower is also known as “Maiden Hair” as our ancestors used it to make a yellow dye for their hair. SPhAGNUM MOSs LING HeAThEr DEVIL’S BiT SCABIOUS BoG CotTON BoG AsPhOdEL BoG MYrTLE yeLLOw IrIS (Flag) GoAT wiLLow on a visit to a peatland all may seem calm and pleasant, but look a little closer and you’ll find some terrifying creatures! some plants have evolved interesting ways to thrive in the bog where there is no soil to nourish them. “We eat insects!” ROUND-LEAVED SUNDeW BLADDErWORT PITCHEr PLaNt This plant is shaped like a pitcher or jug. It was brought into ireland over 120 years ago. They attract insects with colours and scents, but a slippery surface causes them to fall to their death inside the pitcher which is filled with digestive juices to dissolve the bug. This cute little plant, at approximately 5cm across, is covered with tiny red hairs and “dew” drops. These sticky drops attract insects but act like glue and once stuck the bugs can’t escape. The leaf then curls around the insect, secreting chemicals that kill and dissolve the insect. However, it’s clever enough not to trap pollinating insects that visit their flower way above on a tall stalk. 5cm This flower has developed little bubble traps along its stem under the water. As soon as an insect touches off a trigger hair, a door opens and sucks the bug into the bubble after which the flower slowly dissolves the snack. The door opening mechanism, which takes less than one thousandth of a second, makes them one of the fastest plants in the world! eeK! STICKY! SLIPPY! SUCK TrAP! Approximate real size one of THe fASTeST PLAnTS In THe WorLd!
8 9 BIrCH (Downy and silver) Birch is a delicate tree with fine branches, small leaves and distinctive bark, we have two types of birch – downy and silver. Birch trees are pioneer trees, being the first to appear in a rewilded area. WILLOW (Goat) Willow is an extremely fast growing tree on the bog, due to its love of damp environments. due to the speed of its growth we now use it as a “biomass” crop, a renewable source of energy. HAZEL Another pioneer tree species, hazel trees produce hazelnuts. Delicious for us and an important food for many birds and mammals. gOrSE The bright yellow flowers bloom all year round, providing an important source of pollen and nectar to insects. on sunny days you can smell their coconut-scented flowers. BrACKEN A beautiful fern that carpets the ground giving shelter to birds and amphibians. Unlike other plants who produce seeds, ferns produce spores. HeATHER A wonderful plant of the bog, heather provides shelter for nesting birds and food for hungry insects. ALDER Alder trees love water. They grow near it and even in it. instead of rotting like other wood, they get stronger and therefore are used to build structures in water. venice is built upon alder poles. our ancestors used it to make shields and today it is used to make some of the best electric guitars in the world! yEW A native evergreen conifer, the yew is very dark green with red berries. There are few wild yew trees left in ireland. They are found mostly in estates and churchyards now. Ancient yew wood (4000 years old) has been found preserved in our bogs. SCOtS PiNE Another native evergreen conifer. Like the yew tree, its leaves are needles, which it keeps all year round. It is still found around the edges of bogs and is one of the favourite trees of red squirrels. OAK (Sessile) The oak tree has been a source of strong and durable material for centuries. It is a slow-growing deciduous tree and an important habitat for insects, birds and mammals. Although it does not grow in our bogs now, ancient oak wood (over 5000 years old) has been found preserved in our bogs. Bog TreeS + SHrUBS In raised bogs, pine forests were part of the natural plant succession from lake to bog. The 3 important types of wood found preserved in bogs today are yew, scots pine and oak. The wood can be from 4000 to 7000 years old.
10 11 Bog BIrdS KeStREL Small and very fast raptor, this species of falcon is permanently resident, nests in trees and is often seen hovering in the sky in search of prey. BUZZARD Largest of the bog raptors, this species is a very vocal resident. They have a distinctive “mewing” call and nest in trees. They are often seen soaring high in pairs. SNIPE Medium-sized visiting wading bird that nests on the ground near rushes. ReD GROUSe Plump resident found nesting in heather, which is also their main diet. LAPWiNG Small visiting wader that is seen in large flocks. They nest on bare ground. gOLDEN PLOVer Small visiting bird regularly found in large flocks. They nest near heather. greY HERON Large resident bird often seen standing still at the water’s edge. They nest in trees. CUrLEW Large visiting wading bird with distinctive long curved bill. They nest on the ground. MeADOW PIPit Small common resident. They nest in and around dense ground vegetation. HeN HARrIeR Medium resident raptor, that nests on the ground. The female is brown with an owl-like face and a ringed tail, while the male, which is seldom seen perching, is a distinctive blue grey with black wing tips. MALE FeMALE ConSerVATIon STATUS 2020—2026 ReD LiST—HIgH CONSERVaTION CONCeRN AMBER LISt—MeDiUM CONSERVatION CONCerN greEN LISt—LOW CONSERVATiON CONCERN
12 13 The parent and child scale, shown left, gives you an idea just how big these deer were, if you could stand next to one. Take a trip to the Natural History Museum in Dublin, where you can see their giant skeletons and antlers. LIZZIe HAS SPenT THe dAY SUnnIng HerSeLf BUT SHe needS To geT Home To Her LogPILe for THe nIgHT! The common lizard is Ireland’s only native reptile. Reptiles have dry scaly skin and are cold- blooded – getting their heat from the sun. They hibernate during winter. Our native lizards are unusual among reptiles as they don’t lay eggs but give birth to live young. A lizard can drop its tail to confuse predators and grow a new one... and it can do this multiple times. LoUngIng LIZArdS LIZArd mAZeBog mAmmALS AnCIenT IrISH eLK(ArouNd At The ENd of The LAST ICe AGE) IrISH HAre PYgmY SHreW The Irish elk was a huuuge type of deer found in Ireland and despite the name, across Europe too. the irish link is because, while it died out around 8,000 years ago, the irish bogs preserved their enormous skeletons and 4m wide antlers until they were later discovered. 4m wide Approximate real size 12cm The Irish hare is the only native lagomorph on the island – other hares and rabbits were introduced. The Irish hare is a unique subspecies of mountain hare found only in Ireland and, unlike its cousins, it dosen’t turn white in winter. Hares are approximately 65cm long. While this is Ireland’s smallest mammal, at about 4cm long, it certainly has an enormous appetite! The pygmy shrew must eat its own weight in creepy-crawlies every day. They can even die within 2 hours from starvation if they don’t eat! Now that’s hangry! 4cmApproximate real size otter and fox do visit the bog regularly but tend not to make their home there.
14 15 Both dragonflies and damselflies lay their eggs in water. They hatch as soon as 2 weeks. The babies, larvae or nymphs, live under water in some cases for up to 5 years. They go through stages similar to a butterfly. Once they emerge from the water and grow their wings, they can live for up to 5 months but in most cases survive only a few days. The surviving adults lay their eggs in the water and start the process again. drAgonfLY ComMoN hAwKER DRAGoNfLy Approximately 7.5cm long drAgonfLY LIfeCYCLe frog LIfeCYCLe dAmSeLfLY ComMoN BLuE DAmseLfLy Approximately 3.5cm long An easy way to tell the difference between them is that a dragonfly will rest with it’s wings spread out, while a damselfly folds them upwards, together. Pond LIfe People often get dragonflies and damselflies confused. They look similar. They are like the great white shark of the insect world, patrolling the skies and gobbling up any unlucky bugs in their path. Dragonflies (larger and faster) are probably the most deadly group of aerial Irish predators, with a 95% success rate in hunting. 95%SUCCeSS rATe In HUnTIng SEGMeNTEd ABdoMEN EYES WIdeLy SEPARAtEd HEAd with 2 ComPOUNd EYES THORAX ADULt FrOG NeWt Boglands offer the perfect conditions for amphibians who need access to water to complete their lifecycle – a process called metamorphosis. Ireland is home to only a few native amphibians – frog, toad and newt. Amphibians lay eggs in water – loads of eggs, to increase their chances of survival. In frogs and toads, the eggs grow into tadpoles. the legless tadpoles swim around and slowly develop into adults over about 14 weeks. The tadpole’s tail shrinks away and skin grows over the gills. Amazingly, tadpoles can control the timing of their transformation. AmPHIBIAnS THe CIrCLe of LIfe MoULTiNG STAGe LARVA STAGE ALSo kNOWN AS A NymPH ADULT DRAGoNfLy EGGs LAid IN WATEr FrOGSPAWN eARLY TADPOLELATE TADPOLE FrOGLET PoWerfUL mInI drAgonS Approximately 10cm long 6 – 10cm long
16 17 the marsh fritillary is ireland’s only insect protected by the law. It measures a little over 3.5cm across. As the name suggests it is found in marshy areas – which Longford has plenty of. key to its survival is the presence of a flower called devil’s bit scabious where it lays its eggs. the raft spider is ireland’s largest spider, measuring about 7cm across – about the size of the palm of your hand! They don’t weave webs, instead living in watery wetland worlds. They trap air bubbles under their feet and walk across water capturing insects and even small frogs and fish! mArSH frITILLArY rAfT SPIder Bog BUgS Pond skaters are the insects you see effortlessly skating around on the surface of water. Their six legs have special water-repellent hairs that allow them to walk around on top of water, so they can dart around the surface gobbling up smaller insects. Pond SKATerS WATer BeeTLeS Beetles can live in water too. Unsurprisingly, these are called water beetles, the most impressive of which is the great diving beetle. they measure up to 3cm – a bit bigger than a €2 coin. They are fearsome predators, eating up insects, small fish and tadpoles. They cannot breathe underwater so amazingly they collect air bubbles under their wing cases before diving – just like a scuba diver! Shieldbugs get their name from the shield-like covering on their back where the wings are stored. Just like any good warrior their shields are decorated with an exciting range of colours, with some even having a shiny, metallic gloss. Shieldbugs are sometimes called stinkbugs as they release a smelly liquid to warn off hungry predators. Pee-ew! SHIeLdBUgS Approximate real size 7cm3.7cm Have fun colouring in the butterfly and shieldbug. remember, our bog bugs can be very colourful. enJoY! Plenty of buglife in the bog is an indication that it is a very healthy environment. CoLoUr In
18 19 doWn 1. Largest bog raptor bird. 2. Name of absorbant bog moss. 3. Amphibian with a tail. 4. Bog where the largest Iron Age trackway was found. 5. Preserved food found in the bog. 7. Shapely name of a bog bug. 8. Jumping amphibian. 9. reptile found on logs and stones. ACroSS 5. Tree species—downy and silver. 6. Largest irish spider. 7. Sticky insect-catching plant. 10. Migrating bird. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 SPoT THe dIfferenCe CroSSWord Solve the clues to fill the crossword. THere Are 10 Can you spot them all? AnSWerS— 1 Small cloud missing; 2 Birch trees missing in the background; 3 Dragonfly has changed position; 4 Missing rush plant; 5 foliage missing on the large willow; 6 frog is sitting in the opposite direction; 7 Shrew has no tail; 8 Extra sundew plant; 9 Missing devil’s bit scabious plant; 10 butterfly is different. AnSWerS— down: 1 Buzzard; 2 Sphagnum; 3 Newt; 4 Corlea; 5 Butter; 7 Shield; 8 frog; 9 Lizard. Across: 5 Birch; 6 raft; 7 Sundew; 10 Lapwing.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 33 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 55 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 20 21 Home IS WHere THe HABITAT IS... Write the number of the home for each animal in the circle provided. Draw a line following the numbered dots to make a large raptor and colour it in. SHAdoW SHAPeS Name the species from their shadows. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-_ _ _ _ _ _ JoIn THe doTS CURLeW fRoG KESTreL LIzARD MARsH fRItILLAry PyGMY SHrEW UNDERgrOWTH NeST SHALLOW WaTer’S EDGE TreE NEST LOG PiLEgrOUND NEST IN RUSHES DeViL’S BIt SCABiOUS 1 4 2 5 3 6
22 23 TALKING POINT... 3 reduce our greenhouse gas emissions, 3 combat climate breakdown, 3 boost our biodiversity, 3 help tourism, 3 improve our wellbeing, 3 prevent flooding, 3 clean our water, 3 be FREE? OUR PRISTINE BOGS DO THIS ALL DAY, EVERY DAY! SO, HOW SHOULD WE TREAT THESE AREAS? Y Dig them up for turf so they’re lost forever OR Y Protect and nurture them back to health. WORDSEARCH Find as many words as you can from the list below. BLADDERWORT HEATHER WILLOW ORCHID WATER DRAGONFLY HABITAT CARBON SUNDEW MOSS SPHAGNUM KESTREL LIZARD SNIPE FEN PEAT K G Z L I Z A R D S N D C I F W D W X D C F P K F K M J Z J Q R S M W M O S S K M E T I F Y A X G W B H Y Z E B T B X H M G F W I L E P R S D S C L U G O R R L A A C Z T J P W J A H N N P L D T H D R S H A Q K P F J M O D H T A E P A T N V E L J C W E E H W L H B E S E A Y T A H R R C O F A I R U V T P S R P W T B I X G T H N F V V N B Y O F E N R N A U D B O L I O D R R R U V U T U E I G P P N U T W U B Z M O L W H S U E X X W O R C H I D W K D
Longford BogLAndS WILDLIFE WORKBOOK these workbooks are funded by the National Parks and Wildlife service and Longford County Council through the Local Biodiversity Action fund. The Heritage officer and Biodiversity officer programmes are supported by the Heritage Council. Produced by Longford CoUnTY CoUnCIL Heritage & BIODIVeRSitY OFFiCERS in partnership with rUSTYLemon deSIgn + BIodIVerSITY In SCHooLS