sCIENCEsCIENCEbOOKbOOK5th Grade................................................ 5th ......... Think and Explore
Name: __________________________________________ Class: 5th____ Year:_________ Teacher:______________________________________ Days: __________________and ___________________ Goals and Expectations: ............................................................... ............................................................... ............................................................... ............................................................... ............................................................... ...............................................................Personal InformationThe Newland School Science Department
Unit 1: All the Water on Earth Page 5 to 28 OA 12: Describe the distribution of fresh and salt water on Earth, considering oceans, glaciers, rivers and lakes, groundwater, clouds, water vapor, etc., and compare their volumes, recognizing the relative scarcity of fresh water. OA 13: Analyze and describe the characteristics of oceans and lakes. OA 14: Research and explain the positive and negative effects of human activity on oceans, lakes, rivers, glaciers, and other bodies of water, proposing actions to protect Chile’s water reserves and communicating the results. Unit 2: Electricity is Important to Us Page 29 to 50 OA 8: Recognize the changes that electrical energy undergoes when it transforms from one form to another (electrical to heat, sound, light, etc.), and research the main contributions of scientists through history. OA 9: Build a simple electrical circuit (wire, light bulb, switch, and battery), use it to solve everyday problems, and explain how it works. OA 10: Observe and distinguish, through experimental research, conductive materials (such as copper and aluminum) and insulating materials (such as plastic and rubber), relating them to the safe handling of technological devices and household electrical circuits. OA 11: Explain the importance of electrical energy in daily life and propose measures to promote its saving and responsible use. Unit 3: The Amazing Human Body Page 51 to 81 OA 1: Recognize and explain that living beings are made up of one or more cells, which are organized into tissues, organs, and systems. OA 2: Identify and describe, using models, the basic structures of the digestive system (mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus) and their functions in digestion, nutrient absorption, and waste elimination. OA 3: Explain respiration using models (inhalation–exhalation–exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide), identifying the basic structures of the respiratory system (nose, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, lungs). OA 4: Explain the transport function of the circulatory system (nutrients, oxygen, and carbon dioxide), identifying its basic structures (heart, blood vessels, and blood). Unit 4: Keep Your Body Healthy Page 82 to 105 OA 5: Analyze daily food consumption (variety, portion size, and frequency), recognizing foods that contribute to growth, repair, development, and body movement. OA 6: Research from various sources and communicate the harmful effects of smoking (tobacco smoke) on the respiratory and circulatory systems. OA 7: Research and identify some microorganisms that are beneficial and harmful to health (bacteria, viruses, and fungi), and formulate measures for personal care and hygiene. Clue words Page 106 to 110 After every unit you will find a concept map to organize the information and trivia time to evaluate yourself.Index
My Science CopybookDate: Month, Day Title Subtitle Capital letter and underline using a ruler leave margins on both sides Do not turn the page until it’s full
A ll t h e W a t e r onE a r t hCan you make water disappear? Has the amount of water on Earth changed through the years? Did you know that the water that dinosaurs drank is still in our planet?Unit 1:5
HydrospherePlanet Earth is mainly covered with water.The Blue Marble is a photograph of Earth taken on December 7, 1972, by Harrison Schmitt aboard the Apollo 17 spacecraft on its way to the Moon.___________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ___________ ___________ ______________________ ___________ ___________ ___________.................................................. The average depth of the ocean is about 3.7 kilometers — that’s deeper than most mountains are tall! Water is ancient! Some of the water molecules on Earth are older than the Sun! Most life lives in water: Around 80% of all living organisms are found in the oceans — from microscopic plankton to the largest animals on Earth, like blue whales.WOW!WOW!WOW!WOW!Earth is the only planet in the Solar System in which water can be found in three different states. 6 .................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................
Water Cycle_______________ Water increases its temperature and rises from oceans and other bodies of water._______________ Water increases its temperature and rises from the land and living things._______________ Water is absorbed by the ground forming underground water._______________ Water particles get together to form clouds._______________ Water moves through the surface of the Earth (rivers)._______________ Water falls down as hail, rain or snow.7 .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................
The water cycle goes on and on From the oceans to the snow The water cycle goes on and on It´s never going to stop When sun heats water evaporates From the oceans and the lakes Vapor goes up to the sky condensation forms new clouds The water cycle goes on and on From the oceans to the snow The water cycle goes on and on It´s never going to stop When clouds get heavy precipitate Falling as rain, snow or hail Running down on mountains fast Runoff has come at last The water cycle goes on and on From the oceans to the snow The water cycle goes on and on It´s never going to stop The ground soaks water deep and down Moving water underground The tree roots take it to the leaves And water gets to you and me The water cycle goes on and on From the oceans to the snow The water cycle goes on and on It´s never going to stopWater Cycle Song8
Types of Water on EarthFreshwater is defined as water that has a low concentration of dissolved salts, while saltwater contains a high concentration of dissolved salts. Freshwater is found in lakes, rivers, and underground water, and is used for drinking, irrigation, and other human activities. Saltwater, on the other hand, is found in oceans and seas, and is home to a wide variety of marine life................................... .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. ................................................................... .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................Water never truly leaves Earth, but only a small amount is drinkable. Most is salty or locked in ice. Let’s care for the little fresh water we have in rivers, lakes, and underground. 9
Water DistributionHydrosphereFresh water10
___________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ___________________OceansThe oceans are huge bodies of salt water that cover about three-quarters of the Earth’s surface. They are all connected, forming one big global ocean, but scientists divide them into five main oceans: .......................................... , .......................................... , .......................................... , ............................................ and .............................................. .Main Characteristics: Water in the ocean is always moving, and this happens in several ways: 1.Waves – Caused mainly by wind blowing across the surface of the water. Waves move energy, not water itself, but they make the surface constantly rise and fall. 2.Currents – Large streams of water that flow through the oceans in specific directions. They can be surface currents (caused by wind) or deep ocean currents (caused by differences in temperature and saltiness). 3.Tides – The rise and fall of ocean water caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun. All this movement is very important because it distributes heat, nutrients, and oxygen around the planet, helping marine life survive and influencing weather patterns. 11
.......................................... .......................................... .......................................... ................................................................................... .......................................... .......................................... ................................................................................... .......................................... .......................................... .........................................______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________Oceans Humboldt Current This current flows from south to north along the western coast of Chile. It is a cold water current. Effects: It brings nutrient-rich water to the surface (upwelling), supporting Chile’s fisheries. It lowers sea surface temperature along the coast. It reduces evaporation, making northern Chile very dry. El Niño Current This current is an irregular warm-water phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean. It flows eastward towards South America, replacing cold Humboldt water. It raises sea surface temperature along Chile’s coast. It reduces upwelling, decreasing nutrient availability → can hurt fisheries. It brings heavier rainfall to northern and central Chile. Can cause floods, storms, and warmer winters.Draw arrows using different colors to identify each current. 12
The ocean is a huge place where many animals live. But not all parts of the ocean are the same! The amount of light, the pressure, and the temperature change with depth, and that affects which animals can live there. Different parts of the ocean have different conditions. Animals survive there because they have special adaptations that help them live with little light, high pressure, or cold water. The deepest part of the ocean, is almost 11,000 meters deep — that’s more than 25 Costanera Center towers stacked on top of each other!Life in the Ocean Life in the ocean depends on the following factors: _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________Ocean’s Zones Light: ................................ Temperature:.................... Pressure:...........................Characteristics of the PHOTIC ZONECharcteristocs of the APHOTIC ZONE 13 Light: ................................ Temperature:.................... Pressure:...........................
Ocean in a BottleMaterials 1.- 1 liter plastic bottle 2.- 2 drops of blue ink 3.- 600 cc of water 4.- 200 cc of oil 5.- 1 spoonful of salt 6.- 1 permanent markerMix all of the ingredients in the bottle. What will happen? Hypothesis:______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Describe what you see:____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________...................................... ....................................... ....................................... ............................................................................. ....................................... ....................................... .......................................PHOTIC ZONE’S SPECIESAPHOTIC ZONE’S SPECIES 14Support your explanation with a simple drawing: Conclusion:______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________
Temperature: Pressure: Light:Temperature: Pressure: Light:Temperature: Pressure: Light:Characteristics of LakesA lake is a body of water surrounded by land. Lakes can be small like a pond or very large. They have many interesting characteristics: Size:............................................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................................... Water Type:................................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................................... Depth: ........................................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................................... Temperature: ............................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................................... Movement: ................................................................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................................................Lake’s ZonesPanguipulli, ChileWindermere, England 15 Limnetic Zone Profundal Zone In some cold countries the water on the surface of the lake is colder than the deeper water. You can even walk on the frozen water!
Humans need water for many. Here are some of the main uses: Agriculture (Farming): _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Temperature Regulator: _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Obtain Nutrients: _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Energy: _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Hygiene (Cleanliness): _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________Uses of WaterThink about your daily routine. How do you use water everyday? ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ _________________________ _________________________ 16
Water PollutionWater pollution happens when trash, chemicals, or dirty water get into rivers, lakes, or oceans. This makes the water unsafe for animals, plants, and people. Fish can get sick, plants can die, and we can’t use the water for drinking or playing. Keeping water clean helps all living things stay healthy. _____ Spills from cars, boats, or machines can make water dirty. _____ Pesticides from farms, cleaning products, or factory waste can flow into water. _____ Throwing garbage, plastic, or cans into rivers, lakes, or the ocean. _____ Waste from homes or cities can go into rivers or lakes without being cleaned. 1.- Trash 2.- Chemicals 3.- Oil and fuel 4.- Sewage and dirty water Match the concept and its description._________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 17
What could YOU do at home to protect water?______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________ _____________________________ ______________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________ _____________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________How can we protect water? As individuals we can change some behaviors to protect the water: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 18
Lakes 19HydrosphereConcept Map Distribution Water cycle SaltFresh Oceans Saving water photicevaporation ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ___ %___ % ______________________________________ ______________________________________ shallow constant movement ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ Uses of water
Trivia TimeI. Complete the following diagrams to identify the characteristics of oceans and lakes:OceanLake II. How do we use water? Draw or write to complete the concept map.Water 20
III. Choose the correct alternative to complete each sentence. 1.-The Earth is often called the ………………… planet, because it is covered in water. A) life B) blue C) human D) wet 2.-Most of the water we use at home comes from the: A) ocean B) fruits C) tap D) fridge 3.-The .................................. includes all the water on Earth. A) atmosphere B) air C) land D) hydrosphere 4.-Most of the fresh water on Earth is in ………………………………. state. A) liquid B) solid C) gas D) plasma 5.-The process in which water evaporates from the land and living things is called: A) surface runoff B) precipitation C) hail D) evapotranspiration 6.-When we see drops of water in the mirror after a shower, we are seeing the process of: A) evaporation B) condensation C) precipitation D) water cycle 7.-Rivers and lagoons represent the ……………………. of the fresh water on Earth. A) 97% B) 3% C) 1% D) 20% 8.-Life in the ocean depends on the pressure, light and: A) level of salinity B) temperature C) currents D) living things 21
9.-The …………………. current carries cold water and moves from south to north. A) El Niño B) Ice C) Oceanic D) Humboldt 10.-Tsunamis are giant …………………... usually formed after an earthquake. A) tides B) waves C) holes D) currents 11.-The …………………… zone in some lakes freezes during winter. A) photic B) aphotic C) limnetic D) profundal 12.-Water regulates the body and the Earth’s: A) life B) nutrients C) temperature D) cycle 13.-Moving water can generate: A) snow B) nutrients C) temperature D) electricity 14.-Water provides nutrients to humans such as fish and: A) crab B) octopus C) shrimp D) all of the above 15.-People should drink at least …………………… glasses of water a day . A) 8 B) 6 C) 4 D) 2 16.-The deeper you dive, the ………...………… pressure you feel. A) less B) more C) same D) no 22
IV. Complete the missing information about water and living things. VI. Answer the following questions: 1.- Explain the sentence “water is vital”. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2.- What is the water cycle? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3.- Water helps with hygiene. Give two examples. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 4.- Why does the human body need water to survive? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ V. Compare the types of water on Earth. 23
VII. Human activity and water: Write a T for true or and F if the sentence is false. ___ Water pollution can harm fish and other animals in the water. ___ Taking shorter showers can help to save water. ___ All water on Earth is safe for drinking. ___ Pesticides and fertilizers can also help cleaning water. ___ Water is used in some power plants to produce electricity. ___ It is safe to throw old medicines down the drain. ___ Water is needed to cook many types of food. ___ People use water to clean their homes, clothes, and dishes. VIII. Complete with the 6 processes involved in the water cycle. IX. Identify each one of the Chilean currents. Then write the main characteristics of each one................................... .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. ................................................................... .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. .................................. ................................. 24
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E l e c t r i c i t y i s I m portan t t o U sCan we see energy? Imagine your life without electricity. How does the light in this room turn on? What do you think makes it possible?Unit 2:29
TYPE OF ENERGYDESCRIPTIONEXAMPLEwindthermalsoundlightkinetichydraulicgravitational potentialchemicalelectricEnergy and Types of EnergyEnergy is : ______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Types of energy: 30
Atoms .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... Electricity is : _______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 31
Scientific Contributions.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................Thales rubbed am-ber, sparks did fly, Fran-klin flew his kite up high! Vol-ta made a bat-ter-y, E-di-son worked all night long! Kil-by and Noyce made a ti-ny chip, Elec-tric pow-er changed our trip! 32................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................................................... ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................................................... ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................................................... ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................................................... ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............................
Thermal energy The energy of HEATEnergy transformations............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................Kinetic energy The energy of MOTION 33Wind energy The energy of MOVING AIRLight energy The energy of LIGHTSound energy The energy of SOUND WAVESElectric Energy All of the following devises use electric energy, they transform this energy into a different one. Complete with the type of energy they produce:electric energy bouncy castle tabletwashing machine elevator air conditioner
ELEMENTDESCRIPTIONSYMBOLRECEPTORGENERATORWIRE /CABLESWITCH.......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... ..........................................................................Electric Circuit 34 ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... Use symbols to draw this circuit .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... .......................................................................... ..........................................................................
CONDUCTORSINSULATORSConductors and Insulators............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... 35CONDUCTORS ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ......................................................................Use the circuit to try some materials to classify them as conductors and insulators. Think and write the name of objects which have both materials, conductors and insulators, as a way of protecting the people from electricity. ............................................. - ............................................. ............................................. - ............................................. INSULATORS ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ......................................................................Lighting is a good conductortouch the ground.
Your Own Circuit36 Your teacher will provide you with all of the elements to assemble a circuit. Design your project and put the elements together to make it work.Materials ................................................... ................................................... ................................................... ................................................... ................................................... How did you feel assembling the circuit? .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... Why? .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... Steps 1) ...................................................................... ......................................................................... 2) ..................................................................... ......................................................................... 3) ..................................................................... ......................................................................... 4) ..................................................................... .........................................................................Tools ................................................... ...................................................
From Power Plants to my House37 How does a turbine turn Energy into Electricity? The wind, water, or steam makes the turbine blades spin — like a giant fan turning very fast. This is called mechanical energy. Spinning the Generator: The turbine is connected to a machine called a generator. When the turbine spins, it makes the generator spin too. Inside the generator, there are magnets and coils of wire. When the generator spins, the movement of the magnets near the wires creates electrical energy! This happens because moving magnets push electrons through the wires — and moving electrons means electricity! Sending the Electricity Away Once the generator makes electricity, it goes to a transformer and starts its journey through power lines all the way to your home. Identify each one of the power plants:
Chilean Electricity38Abanico, Bío-BíoPehuenche, El MauleRapel, Metropolitana Most of Chile’s electricity comes from hydraulic power plants, which use the energy of moving water to make electricity. Chile has many rivers and mountains — perfect for building dams! This clean and renewable source of energy, helps reduce pollution and dependence on fossil fuels.Fun Facts The first hydroelectric plant in Chile started working more than 100 years ago! In some regions, especially in the south, hydroelectric energy provides most of the electricity. When there’s little rain, hydroelectric production can go down — so Chile also uses solar and wind energy as backup. .................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................Disadvantages
Safety Measures39 ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................________________________ ________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________ ________________________
How to Save Energy40 .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................................Turning off one light can save enough energy to power a laptop for a week! 💡 Chargers still use electricity when not plugged in — unplug them! 🔌 Washing clothes in cold water saves up to 90% energy. ❄ Biking to school for a year can save 200 kg of CO₂ — enough energy to power a home for a month! 🚴♂️ Trees can cool buildings and reduce air conditioner use. 🌳 Commitement
ELECTRICITY Electric Circuit Safety uses ScientistsConcept Map 41ENERGYCan’t be ___________ nor ___________ TypesCan be ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ............................................... materials elementsPower Plants Disadvantages
Trivia Time42 I. Read and then circle the correct answer: 1.-What is energy? a) The ability to cause a change b) The movement of protons c) The changes we can see around us d) The main component of everything 2.-Why do we call electric energy “electricity”? a) because of the movements of atoms b) because of the movement of electrons c) because it is the most important energy d) because electricity flows at great speed 3.-_______________ is the energy related to motion. a) Chemical b) Thermal c) Kinetic d) Gravitational potential 4.-In Chile most of the electricity comes from __________________ energy. a) wind b) solar c) nuclear d) hydraulic 5.-Batteries work due to _______________ energy. a) light b) chemical c) thermal d) hydraulic 6.-Moving air as energy is called _______________ energy. a) air b) hydraulic c) wind d) none of the above 7.-An example of thermal energy is ________________ a) fire b) a running river c) a slice of pizza d) a drill
43 9.-The ____________ in an electric circuit, changes the energy from one type to another. a) generator b) switch c) receptor d) electric cord 10.-When the switch is ON, the circuit is ________________ . a) opened b) closed c) out d) on 11.-You can’t plug too many devices in one __________________ a) switch b) outlet c) room d) generator 12.-A(n) _________________ material allows energy to flow. a) big b) small c) conductor d) insulator 13.-It is very important to ________ a lamp before changing a light bulb. a) plug b) unplug c) turn on d) turn off II. Write C if the material is a Conductor or I if the material is an insulator. 1.- _____ copper 2.- _____ plastic 3.- _____ wood 4.- _____ gold 5.- _____ paper 6.- _____ aluminium 7.- _____ cotton 8.- _____ glass 9.- _____ silver 10.- _____ rubber
44 III. Think about the main purpose of each electronic device and identify the type of energy. sewing machine - toaster - microphone - fortune wheel - bouncy castle IV. Complete the timeline with the scientists we learnt. V. Use symbols to draw this electric circuit. VI. Answer the following questions: 1.-Why are wires made of plastic and metal? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2.-Why can't we have water near electronic devices? Explain. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3-Why do some devices, like cell phones, do not need to be plugged in all the time? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4-How does electricity get from any power plant to your house? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….......... ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5.-Think about the future and try to predict how people will use electricity in 100 years. Describe. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………............................
VII. Reading comprehension: Read the following text and choose the correct answer for each question. NIKOLA TESLA Nikola Tesla was a brilliant scientist and inventor. His work with electricity led to many advances in communication and technology. Nikola Tesla was born in July, 1856, in Smiljan, Austria-Hungary (now Croatia). His parents were Serbian. Nikola was an excellent student who easily memorized books and solved math problems. He studied electricity in college. Tesla discovered a type of electricity. It was different from the type being used in the world’s first two electric power stations. Both stations used direct current (DC), which could not change direction. However, Tesla’s alternating current (AC) could. Tesla built his first AC motor in 1883. In 1884 Tesla moved to the United States. He worked for the renowned inventor Thomas Edison. Unlike Tesla, Edison preferred DC to AC. After two years Tesla left Edison’s laboratory. In 1887 Tesla opened a laboratory in New York City. The next year he sold his AC idea to George Westinghouse, head of Westinghouse Electric Company. By 1891 he had invented the Tesla coil, which was widely used for many years in radios, television sets, and other electronic equipment. People started to agree that AC worked better than DC over distances. He demonstrated that electricity could be sent without wires. In 1905 Tesla lost support to build a wireless communication tower. That idea and many of his others were never implemented in his lifetime. Tesla died in New York City on January 7, 1943. The Nikola Tesla Museum in Belgrade, Serbia, was founded in his honor. 1.-Who was Nikola Tesla? a) A scientist and inventor b) Edison’s best friend c) An inventor who developed the tesla car 2.-What type of electricity did Tesla discover? a) DC-AC current b) alternating current c) direct current 3.-What does "AC" mean in this text? a) air conditioner b) after Christ c) alternating current 4.-How were Thomas Edison’s ideas different from Tesla? a) They preferred different types of currents b) They didn’t agree on the idea of electricity traveling without wires c) Edison didn’t believe in the tesla coil 45
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T h e A m a z i n g H uman B o d yAre all of our organs vital? What is a cell? Are all of them the same size and shape? Do babies have smaller cells?Unit 3:51
Organisms52 ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________UnicellularMulticellular................................. ................................. ................................ ................................ .................................................................. ................................. ................................ ................................ .................................
Levels of Biological Organization53 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ The human body is organized into different levels: cells form tissues, tissues form organs, organs work together in organ systems, and all the systems together make up the whole organism. Cells are like the bricks, tissues are like the walls, organs are like the rooms, systems are like the different parts of the house working together like electricity; and the whole house is like the complete organism!Complete with the name of each cell, tissue, organ and system:.
Cell54 ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. Write the name of each cell: Pluripotent stem cell. Science Photo Library - STEVE GSCHMEISSNER Adipocytes (fat cells) Squamous cells from the surface of the skin. These are flat, keratinized, dead cells that are continuously sloughed off and replaced with new cells from below. Endothelial cells form the blood vessels. Unlike all of the other cells, cancer cells work to destroy the body. Cancer results from the development of abnormal cell properties that cause cells to divide uncontrollably and spread to other locations.
Tissue55 ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................Organh __ __ __ __ l __ __ __ __ b __ __ __ __Not all organs are vital! You can live without your appendix or even one kidney, but your heart, brain, and lungs are a must to stay alive. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................
56SystemOrganism ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................
Concept Map57Living Things..................................................................
I.-Complete the sentences with one word on each line. 1.- Living things that are made of one 1 cell are called ___________________ organisms. 2.- ___________________ are an example of multicellular organisms. 3.- Bacteria use their ___________________ to move. 4.- The leaf is an example of a /an ___________________ . 5.- Cells of the same ___________________ and ___________________ form the second level of organization named ________________. 6.- Different organs working together form a ___________________ . 7.- ___________________ is a unicellular organism. II.-True or false. 1.- ______ The nucleus of cells stores genetic information. 2.- ______ Tissues are formed by different types of cells. 3.- ______ The tongue is formed by the same tissues. 4.- ______ All the organs in the human body have a vital function. 5.- ______ Some organs in the human body are part of more than one system. 6.- ______ All living organisms have systems. 7.- ______ The stomach is an example of muscular tissue. 8.- ______ Bigger animals have bigger cells. 9.- ______ There are 5 levels of biological organization. 10.- ______ Plants have systems. III.- What is it? Identify the image and write which level it is. 58Trivia Time Name: ______________ Level: ______________ Name: ______________ Level: ______________ Name: ______________ Level: ______________
1.- Which are Lucas’ vital organs? __________________________________ , ___________________________________ and _________________________________ . 2.- Why is it important to take care of your body when you feel sick? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.- What can Lucas do to help his organs stay healthy? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.-Why are the cells in the human body different? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5.- Why are humans more complex than bacteria? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 59 IV. Read and then answer the questions: V. Use the diagram to represent the levels of biological organization: _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________
Circulatory System60 The word circulatory means something that is going round and round in a cycle or a loop. The circulatory system carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to every cell of the body, and removes waste products, like carbon dioxide. These roadways travel in one direction only, to keep things going where they should. ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................... ....................................................................... ....................................................................... ....................................................................... ....................................................................... ....................................................................... ....................................................................... ....................................................................... ....................................................................... ....................................................................... ....................................................................... .......................................................................
BloodBLOOD COMPONENT FUNCTION 61 Dark blood rich in ______, it comes from the ______________ . Bright red lood rich in ______, it comes from the ______________ . Blood is made up by 3 formed elements (solid) and the plasma (liquid).Formed Elements ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................................................................
Blood Experiment62 Your teacher will have a blood test. To do this, the nurse will place an elastic band around her arm. This helps make the blood vessels fill with blood so they are easier to see. Then, using a sterile needle, the nurse will gently insert it through the skin into a blood vessel to take a small sample of blood.What’s inside the tube? — A centrifuge mysterySTEP 1 After that, one of the blood tubes will be shaken by your teacher, while the other will be placed into a machine called a centrifuge. This machine spins very fast to separate the different parts of the blood, such as the plasma and the solids.STEP 2PREDICT: What will happen to the blood sample when it is spun quickly? .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. Tube A (shake it) Tube B (place it in the centrifuge): Analysis Questions: 1.-Which tube showed the clearest separation? ___________________________ 2.-Which component ended up on top? ____________________________________ 3.-Which on the bottom? ________________________________________________ 4.-Was your hypothesis correct? Explain. ____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ABSTEP 3STEP 4 Carefully remove the tubes without shaking. Observe immediately and record observations by drawing each tube as it looks after spinning.STEP 5STEP 6
63 BLOOD VESSEL STRUCTURE HOW DOES BLOOD MOVE? ARTERIES VEINS CAPILLARIESBlood Vessels ................................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................................
Left VentricleRight AtriumLeft Atrium64The Heart PULSE: .................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................. HEART BEAT: .......................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................. Activity: Feel Your Heart Work! Objective: observe how our heart rate changes when we exercise and understand why. 1.Find your pulse Place two fingers on your neck or on your wrist. When you feel a beat — that’s your pulse! Sit quietly and count how many beats you feel in 1 minute. Write it down as “Resting heart rate” ________ 2.Exercise and count again Run in place for 1 minute.As soon as you stop, feel your pulse again and count for 1 minute. Write it down as “After exercise heart rate” ________ 1.-What happened to your pulse after you ran? Why? ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................................ lungs lungs Examine a real heart model or specimen, then draw a detailed sketch of it in the space provided.
AreMindMind MapMap Mind MapBloodFunctionTypesFuctionComponentsWe can feel it asCirculatory System65
1.- What is the function of the circulatory system? To ……………………………………… substances such as ………………….……………. , …………………….…………. , …………………….…………… , …………………….…………… and …………………….………….. through the …………………….…………… . 2.- Complete the diagram with each blood component and its corresponding function. 3.- Brady fell and started bleeding, Explain the following pictures. Which blood component is acting to stop the bleeding? How? 4.- Label the 4 chambers and then draw an arrow to show how does blood move in your heart. 5.- Are blood vessels red and blue? Explain. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 6.- Why is blood red? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 7.- Why do the red blood cells have this shape? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ................................................................................................... ................................................................................................... ................................................................................................... ................................................................................................... 66Trivia Time COMPONENT FUNCTION ..................................... ..................................... ..................................... ..................................... ..................................... .....................................
.................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................................................The Digestive System 67 Your teeth are part of your digestive system. They break down foods by crushing or cutting them before you swallow. Most humans have 32 teeth, although some have more and some have fewer. The tongue is a muscular organ crucial for tasting, swallowing, and speaking. It is composed of muscles that change its shape and position. Its surface contains papillae with taste buds to detect flavors like sweet, salty, sour, and bitter. The tongue also helps with chewing, mixing food with saliva, and guiding food to the throat for swallowing. The mouth has three pairs of major salivary glands: the large parotid glands in front of the ears, the submandibular glands under the jaw, and the sublingual glands under the tongue. These glands produce saliva, which aids in digestion, lubrication, and protecting the mouth from bacteria and viruses.
ORGAN DESCRIPTION FUNCTION 68 TIME TO EAT! Put the food in your mouth but do not chew it. Notice your mouth: feel how it gets wet. That’s your saliva! It comes from your salivary glands. Try to swallow the food without using your tongue. 1.-How does saliva help the food? 2.-What happens when you don’t use your tongue? Only for risk takers Put the food in your mouth. Stand with your head down (carefully!) and try to swallow. Notice what happens: the food still goes down! Why?
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Digestive Song – Singing Guide (Sing each “!” like the clap in the original tune) Mouth first, chew and chew! Esophagus carries through! Stomach churns it all around, Mixing too. Small intestine breaks it down! Villi help absorbing out. Large intestine coming there! while poop - moves. Rectum waiting to store poop at the end And the anus, the way out, ready is. And we - shouldn’t forget Pancreas liver always there. The digestion is important for your health. 70Digestive System Song
FOOD TRACTConcept Map71Steps in DigestionDIGESTIVE SYSTEM anus 3 3rd
72 1.- What is the function of the digestive system? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2.- Label each organ. 3.- Why do humans need nutrients? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.- Why do babies need to eat smashed food? Explain. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________Trivia Time
5.- Complete the chart with the correct function. 6.- Name each step of digestion. Then write the numbers to show the correct sequence. 73 7.- Use the picture to explain how do the nutrients reach all of the organs in the human body._____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________
The Respiratory System74 ................................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................................. You have about 300 million alveoli in your lungs! They fill up with air like balloons when you breathe in and deflate when you breathe out. Their walls are as thin as paper so oxygen can pass through easily. If you stretched them out, they’d cover a tennis court! What is the diaphragm? ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................teacher’s model
AT RESTDURING INHALATIONDURING EXHALATIONInhale and Exhale75 .................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................... Complete the diagrams with arrows and the gas involved in each process. Observing Thoracic Movement During Breathing 1.- Stand or sit with a relaxed posture. 2.- Place a measuring tape around your chest just below your armpits. 3.- Measure at rest and complete the chart. Note down your chest size when breathing normally (this is your baseline measurement). 4.- Inhale: Breathe deeply through your nose, expanding your chest outward and upward. Measure your chest at full inhalation and register your measurement. 5.- Exhale: Exhale slowly through your mouth. Measure your chest at full exhalation and register your measurement. 6.- Reflection: Compare the measurements at rest, full inhalation, and full exhalation. Feel the ribs and diaphragm to sense their movement. Feel and measure the changes in the thorax (chest) during inhalation and exhalation, and to locate the ribs and diaphragm.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Air Path76 What Do Nose Cilia Do? 1.-Trap Dirt and Germs. 2.-Move Mucus out of your nose and down the back of your throat. 3.-Warm and moist the air making sure your nose is ready to breathe in good, clean air! 4.-Help you smell!Flowers smell awesome!................................... Think: What happens when you breath through your mouth? ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________
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S t a y i n g H ealthyHow can you keep your body healthy? Is a virus actually 'alive'? Why do people smoke tobacco if we know it is harmful?Unit 4:82
NUTRIENT FUNCTIONS EXAMPLES Proteins Lipids Carbohydrates Minerals VitaminsFood and its Benefits 83 ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... Dietary guidelines for the Chilean population Avoid eating sugar, sweets, sugar-sweetened juices and beverages. Products that exceed the limits, must display on the front of the package a black octagon (“sello”) with white text “ALTO EN …” (examples: “ALTO EN AZÚCAR”, “ALTO EN SODIO”, “ALTO EN GRASAS SATURADAS”, etc). These labels serve as front-of-pack warnings indicating that the product has a “high in” level of a given nutrient.
Balanced Diet84 The balance diet is different for everyone. It depends on the following factors:1234 1.-Match each food with its principal nutrient. 2.-Think and explain: John and his grandfather need to have a different diet to stay healthy. Why do they need to eat different nutrients? Give at least three reasons. ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ............................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................
MONDAYTUESDAYWEDNESDAYTHURSDAYFRIDAY85*Escorbuto The Sailors and the Secret of the Oranges A long time ago, sailors spent months on ships traveling across the oceans. They ate bread, meat, and dried food — but no fruits or vegetables! After a while, something strange started happening. The sailors felt tired and weak, their gums bled, and their teeth started to fall out! No one knew why. Some people thought the sea was cursed! Then came a smart ship doctor named James Lind. He decided to do an experiment. He gave some sailors oranges and lemons, while others kept eating only old food. Guess what happened? The sailors who ate the fruit got better quickly! Their gums healed, and they were full of energy again. Dr. Lind had discovered the secret: the fruit had something special called vitamin C, and without it, people got scurvy*. From that day on, every ship carried fresh fruit or lemon juice, and the sailors stayed healthy and strong! 1.- Why are fruits and vegetables neccesary to have a balance and healthy diet? ......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... 2.- Think: Why didn’t the saliors have fruits and vegetables on long trips? ......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... ......................................................................................... 3.- Design healthy snacks for each day of the week.Eat this, you will feel better.
1.-What is smoking? ................................................................................................................................................ 2.-How does nicotine affect your brain? ................................................................................................................................................ 3.-What are the consequences of smoking? ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................Tobacco 86 .................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................... Smoking is the act of inhaling and exhaling the fumes of burning plant material. Different plant materials can be smoked. However, smoking is most commonly associated with tobacco in a cigarette. Tobacco contains nicotine, an addictive drug, causing users to form a compulsive need for it. Smoking tobacco is harmful to one’s health. It causes serious illnesses including cancer and diseases of the heart and lungs. Millions of people around the world die each year as a result of tobacco use. I. Watch the video and take notes for each given picture.______________________________ ______________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________
In Chile is forbidden to smoke in: Restaurants Hotels (except in outdoor areas). Shopping centers Taxis or buses. Universities or higher education centers. Hospitals and clinicsHow to Prevent Tobacco Addiction 87......................................................................... ......................................................................... ......................................................................... ......................................................................... ......................................................................... ......................................................................... ......................................................................... .........................................................................Write a letter to someone who smokes and explain the damage this causes to his / her body............................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................... Some people who already smoke can:
88Stop the SmokeTune: Taylor Swift Shake it off If smoking’s so bad, Why do people start? Yellow teeth and yellow hands uhuh Cancer can arrive, oh no! Harm the trees and the seas, Poison always in Black tar also in uhuh Breathe’s really bad uh uh And think about you People all around you They do not deserve it It is enough Stop the smoking and be alright Chorus x2 Smoking’s so bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, Break the habit, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes! Please don’t hurt your lungs and heart, heart, heart Stop it all Stop it now!
what is it? Tobacco consequences preventionConcept Map89containts
90 1.- What is the function of the respiratory system? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2.- Label each organ. 3.- How do the lungs move if they are not muscular organs? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.- Where do the respiratory system and the circulatory system meet? ______________________________________________________________________________ 5.- Use the images to label each process and gasses involved:Trivia Time
7 . - W h a t i s t o b a c c o ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 . - C o m p l e t e w i t h 3 c o n s e q u e n c e s o f t h e u s e o f t o b a c c o f o r e a c h s y s t e m : CIRCULATORY SYSTEM RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 91 6 . - C o m p l e t e t h e C O 2 p a t h i n o r d e r : a … … … … … . … … … … … … . … … … … … … . t … … … … … . . … … … … … … . p … … … … … . … … … … … … . 9.- How does smoking affect the brain? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
Microorganisms92 Micro:........................................................................................................ Organism:.................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................ ....................................... ....................................... ....................................... BACTERIAT h e y a r e f o u n d e v e r y w h e r e , i n c l u d i n g i n t h e a i r , s o i l , w a t e r , a n d e v e n i n s i d e y o u . E x a m p l e s i n c l u d e b a c t e r i a , f u n g i l i k e m o l d a n d y e a s t , a n d t i n y , s i n g l e - c e l l e d o r g a n i s m s . T h e y a r e t h e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l i v i n g o r g a n i s m s . T h e y u s e t h e i r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t o m o v e . S o m e b a c t e r i a p r o d u c e t h e i r o w n f o o d t h r o u g h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T h e y c a n l i v e a l o n e o r i n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T h e y l i v e i n w a t e r , g r o u n d o r i n o u r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T h e y r e p r o d u c e d i v i d i n g t h e i r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
93Examples of VirusesT h e y a r e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , i t m e a n s t h e y d o n o t m o v e . T h e y d o n o t e a t .T h e y g e t t h e e n e r g y f r o m a l i v i n g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V i r u s e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . o n a n o t h e r o r g a n i s m t o s u r v i v e . T h e y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c e l l s a n d m u l t i p l y . VIRUSES FUNGIS o m e a r e m i c r o s c o p i c a n d o t h e r s l i k e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . c a n m e a s u r e s o m e c e n t i m e t e r s . T h e y c a n n o t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T h e y g e t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . f r o m t h e e n v i r o n m e n t . T h e y l i v e i n d a r k a n d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p l a c e s . R e p r o d u c e b y d i v i d i n g t h e i r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i n t w o . M o l d u s u a l l y r e p r o d u c e s t h r o u g h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Harmful Microorganisms94 ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................ Harmful microorganisms can make us sick. These ones are called germs. There are 4 main types of germs: Germs try to enter our bodies through: our mouth, our nose, our eyes, cuts on our skin. Once inside, they multiply and stop our bodies from working normally. That’s when we feel sick and we can have some of these symptoms:
Beneficial Fungi1.-What are beneficial microorganisms? a) Microorganisms that cause an illness b) Microorganisms that help us c) Microorganisms that live only in water 2.-Where do probiotics live in our bodies? a) In our hair b) In our intestines c) In our lungs 3.-Which food is made with helpful microorganisms? a) Chips b) Yogurt c) Candy 4.-How do microorganisms help the environment? a) By decomposing b) By helping humans to survive c) By being useful for animalsBeneficial Microorganisms 95 ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ Some helpful microorganisms live inside our bodies. They help us digest food, absorb vitamins, and protect us from harmful germs. These good microorganisms are called probiotics, and they live mostly in our intestines. Other microorganisms help us make food. Certain bacteria and yeast help create yogurt, cheese, bread, and pickles. When these microorganisms work, the food goes through fermentation, which makes it taste good and last longer. Microorganisms also help the environment. They break down dead plants and animals so the soil gets nutrients. Some bacteria help plants grow by adding important minerals to the soil. Even in medicine, microorganisms are useful. Scientists use them to make vaccines and antibiotics that help people stay healthy. These tiny helpers play big roles in our lives. Without beneficial microorganisms, humans, plants, and animals would have a hard time surviving!Thank you microorganisms!Beneficial Bacteria BOTH HAVE A Fundamental role in the food chain by decomposing organic matter._________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Hygiene97 ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... To avoid getting sick it is necessary to have good hygiene: Complete: What else can you do to keep good hygiene?
Concept Map98MICROORGANISMSBeneficialAvoid illness by keeping Parasites microbiome decomposers
Trivia Time99I.- Circle the correct answer. 1.- Microorganisms are: a.- Organisms that are invisible to the human eye. b.- Organisms made of more than 1 cell. c.- Organisms that can be beneficial or harmful for humans. d.- Animals which are very, very small. 2.-Harmful microorganisms can cause: a.- illnesses b.- diseases c.- infections d.- all of the above 3..- Bacteria can live: a.- almost everywhere b.- only in humid places c.- only in warm places d.- only in dark places 4.- All bacteria are: a.- multicellular b.- visible c.- unicellular d.- none of the above 5.- Viruses: a.- move a lot b.- are inert c.- swim d.- fly 6.- Yeast is an example of: a.- fungi b.- bacteria c.- virus d.- none of the above 7.- A beneficial microorganism: a.- may make you sick b.- causes bad consequences to the environment c.- is not helpful to humans d.- none of the above
100 8.- Microbiome lives: a.- in the air b.- on and in our bodies c.- on the ground d.- in the water 9.- Insulin is made with the help of: a.- fungi b.- viruses c.- bacteria d.- none of the above 10.- Probiotic organisms protect: a.- the intestinal flora b.- our skin c.- the environment d.- the respiratory system 11.- Penicillin: a.- is the first antibiotic b.- is made with the help of fungi c.- kill bacteria d.- all of the above 12.- Yeast is used to make: a.- cheese b.- yogurt c.- bread d.- all of the above 13.- Having a good hygiene helps us to: a.- be healthy b.- avoid illnesses c.- prevent infections d.- all of the above 14.- We should not walk barefoot: a.- at home b.- in public places c.- in the beach d.- none of the above 15.- To stay healthy we should: a.- take medicines daily b.- sleep and exercise c.- eat junk food d.- all of the above
101 I I . - W r i t e a n X t o c o m p l e t e t h e c h a r t w i t h t h e c o r r e c t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c : I I I . - T h i n k a n d a n s w e r : 1 . - I f y o u h a v e a d i s e a s e p r o d u c e d b y a b a c t e r i a , w h a t t y p e o f m e d i c i n e s h o u l d y o u t a k e ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 . - W h e r e s h o u l d w e k e e p b r e a d s o i t l a s t s l o n g e r ? W h y ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 . - W r i t e t w o m o r e e x a m p l e s o f g o o d h y g i e n e s e e n i n c l a s s . - W a s h y o u r h a n d s a f t e r g o i n g t o t h e b a t h r o o m . - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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111 My Science Learning Reflections 1.-Which was your favorite activity? ................................................................. 2.-Which science skill (observing, predicting, measuring, experimenting) do you think you improved the most? ................................................................. 3.-If you could teach one topic from this year to a younger student, what would it be? Why? ................................................................. ................................................................. 4.-What was the most interesting fact you learned in science this year? ................................................................. 5.-What did you enjoy the most about learning science this year? ................................................................. Let’s share
The Newland School Science Department Fifth Grade 2027